УДК 343.162

DOI 10.37566/2707-6849-2024-1(46)-2

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Oleksiy MELNIK,

Member of the High Council of Justice

Volodymyr RYBALKO,

candidate of Law, chief specialist of the department for the exercise of powers on judicial independence of the department for supporting the activities of members of the High council of justice of the secretariat of the High council of justice

DISCIPLINARY RESPONSIBILITY OF JUDGES IN SPAIN (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE WORKING VISIT OF THE MEMBERS OF THE HIGH COUNCIL OF JUSTICE TO THE GENERAL COUNCIL OF THE JUDICIARY OF SPAIN)

The article deals with the legal regulation of disciplinary liability of judges in Spain, focusing on the importance of conducting comparative studies of the institute of disciplinary liability of judges and the adoption of the best practices countries of the European Union, and the author emphasizes the importance of a thorough analysis of of the disciplinary practice of the High Council of Justice.

The author establishes that the Judicial Inspection Service of the General Council of the Judiciary of Spain has functions which are not provided for by Ukrainian legislation. It collects and provides information on the current situation in the courts (there are software applications for this purpose). The service prevents problems in the work of the judiciary by proposing specific action plans, monitoring the most important aspects of the organization and functioning of the judiciary, as well as the reasons that explain the current situation in each of them, and proposing any improvements that it deems necessary. For this purpose, it has the right to conduct on-site and online inspections.

The most common sanctions imposed on judges as a result of disciplinary proceedings are a warning and/or a fine of up to EUR 300 for minor disciplinary offenses. At the same time, a fine of EUR 301 to EUR 3,000 is imposed for serious disciplinary offenses, as well as dismissal from office, suspension for up to 3 years or forced transfer for very serious disciplinary offenses.

According to Spanish law, disciplinary proceedings cannot be subject to amicable settlement or compromise, but such practice does exist. The public prosecutor and a judge may appeal against a decision made in disciplinary proceedings. The complainant does not have the right to appeal or request a review of this decision.

Key words: disciplinary responsibility of judges, the General Council of the Judiciary of Spain, the institution of disciplinary disciplinary responsibility of judges, disciplinary proceedings, the Constitution of Spain.

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